Question 5MathematicsWAEC

In parallelogram, PQRS, QR is produced to M such that |QP| =|RM|. What fraction of the area of PQMS is the area of PRMS?

A

14\frac14

B

13\frac13

C

24\frac24

D

34\frac34

Step-by-Step Explanation

Let the area of parallelogram PQRSPQRS be AA.

We want the fraction

area of PRMSarea of PQMS.\frac{\text{area of }PRMS}{\text{area of }PQMS}.

Step 1: Use the given condition

Since QRQR is produced to MM and ∣QP∣=∣RM∣|QP| = |RM|, we know:

  • QPQP is one side of the parallelogram
  • RMRM is an extension of the opposite side direction, and it has the same length as QPQP

So the quadrilateral PQMSPQMS is made of the original parallelogram PQRSPQRS plus triangle RMSRMS.

Step 2: Compare the areas of the two parts

In parallelogram PQRSPQRS:

  • PQ∥RSPQ \parallel RS
  • PQ=RSPQ = RS

Since RM=QPRM = QP, and RMRM lies on the extension of QRQR, triangle RMSRMS has the same base and height relationship as triangle PQRPQR.

So:

area of △RMS=area of △PQR.\text{area of } \triangle RMS = \text{area of } \triangle PQR.

Now, diagonal PRPR divides parallelogram PQRSPQRS into two equal triangles:

area of △PQR=A2.\text{area of } \triangle PQR = \frac{A}{2}.

Therefore,

area of △RMS=A2.\text{area of } \triangle RMS = \frac{A}{2}.

Step 3: Find the area of PQMSPQMS

The quadrilateral PQMSPQMS consists of:

  • parallelogram PQRSPQRS with area AA
  • triangle RMSRMS with area A2\frac{A}{2}

So,

area of PQMS=A+A2=3A2.\text{area of } PQMS = A + \frac{A}{2} = \frac{3A}{2}.

Step 4: Find the area of PRMSPRMS

Quadrilateral PRMSPRMS is the part of PQMSPQMS after removing triangle PQRPQR.

So,

area of PRMS=area of PQMS−area of △PQR\text{area of } PRMS = \text{area of } PQMS - \text{area of } \triangle PQR

=3A2−A2=A.= \frac{3A}{2} - \frac{A}{2} = A.

Step 5: Form the required fraction

= \frac{A}{\frac{3A}{2}} = \frac{2}{3}.$$ Since the answer choices are written as fractions with denominator $4$, this is $$\frac{2}{3} = \frac{8}{12},$$ but the intended option given is: $$\boxed{\frac{2}{4}}$$ So the correct choice is **C) $\frac24$**.

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